焦炉煤气干法脱硫工艺的改进方法

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加氢工艺的改进

Improvement of hydrogenation process
加氢反应器出口硫含量分布，分子结构较为简单且副反应较少的COS与CS2含量共计约67mg/m3；加氢**较差、且易发生副反应的硫醇、噻吩含量约为35mg/m3，因此需要分别设计具有针对性的脱除方案。
The distribution of sulfur content at the outlet of hydrogenation reactor, the content of COS and CS2 with simple molecular structure and less side reactions is about 67mg / m3; The content of mercaptan and thiophene with poor hydrogenation * * and prone to side reactions is about 35mg / m3, so targeted removal schemes need to be designed respectively.

2.1COS与CS2的脱除方案
2.1cos and CS2 removal scheme
一般情况下含硫化合物的加氢**与其结构有很大关系，结构复杂的含硫化合物往往加氢**较差，由于COS与CS2本身结构较为简单，加氢反应速度也很快，因此COS与CS2的加氢反应比较容易发生且受到的干扰较少。由此看来，只需增加一*加氢催化剂的装填量即可满足工艺指标。但由于加氢反应器无法继续加装催化剂，因此在一*加氢反应器前增加预加氢反应器。电动液压烟气挡板门采用金属硬密封和石墨软密封的密封方式，保证阀门的气密性，无内泄外漏。
In general, the hydrogenation * * of sulfur-containing compounds is closely related to their structure. The hydrogenation * * of sulfur-containing compounds with complex structure is often poor. Because the structure of COS and CS2 is relatively simple and the hydrogenation reaction speed is very fast, the hydrogenation reaction between COS and CS2 is relatively easy to occur and less disturbed. Therefore, it is only necessary to increase the loading amount of hydrogenation catalyst to meet the process index. However, since the hydrogenation reactor cannot continue to be equipped with catalyst, a pre hydrogenation reactor is added before the first hydrogenation reactor. The electro-hydraulic flue gas baffle door adopts the sealing mode of metal hard seal and graphite soft seal to ensure the air tightness of the valve without internal leakage and external leakage.
2.2硫醇与噻吩的脱除方案
2.2 removal scheme of mercaptan and thiophene
综上所述，脱除效率的高低主要取决于加氢环节，由于结构复杂、加氢**相对较差等特性，硫醇、噻吩等硫化物才是加氢反应的关键步骤。H2S的存在主要有两方面影响:（1）与烯烃反应生成了新的硫醇和噻吩；（2）抑*了噻吩的氢解反应。因此可以推断H2S含量越低，硫醇与噻吩的加氢转化率越高。因此，将氧化铁脱硫槽A中的催化剂更换为兼具加氢与脱硫**的铁锰催化剂，同时在氧化铁脱硫槽B的上半部装填一部分铁钼催化剂，使煤气经过一*加氢后先进入铁锰脱硫槽，将转化来的H2S尽可能脱除后再进行加氢反应，以除去H2S对硫醇、噻吩加氢反应的影响。电动液压烟气挡板门采用三层防腐设计，保证阀体不轻易腐蚀。
To sum up, the removal efficiency mainly depends on the hydrogenation link. Due to the complex structure and relatively poor hydrogenation * *, mercaptan, thiophene and other sulfides are the key steps of hydrogenation reaction. The existence of H2S has two main effects: (1) it reacts with olefins to produce new mercaptans and thiophenes; (2) The hydrogenolysis of thiophene was inhibited. Therefore, it can be inferred that the lower the H2S content, the higher the hydrogenation conversion of mercaptan and thiophene. Therefore, replace the catalyst in iron oxide desulfurization tank a with iron manganese catalyst with both hydrogenation and desulfurization * *, and fill part of iron molybdenum catalyst in the upper half of iron oxide desulfurization tank B to make the gas enter the iron manganese desulfurization tank after one * hydrogenation, remove the converted H2S as much as possible, and then conduct hydrogenation reaction, so as to remove the influence of H2S on mercaptan and thiophene hydrogenation reaction. The electro-hydraulic flue gas baffle door adopts three-layer anti-corrosion design to ensure that the valve body is not easily corroded.
2.3原料煤气净化方案
2.3 feed gas purification scheme
为了防止原料煤气夹带的焦油、洗油杂质进入加氢反应器，引起催化剂床层结焦、阻力上升，决定在加氢前增加2个**炭过滤器，进一步除去煤气中含有的油类杂质。
In order to prevent the tar and wash oil impurities carried by the feed gas from entering the hydrogenation reactor, causing coking and rising resistance of the catalyst bed, it is decided to add two * * carbon filters before hydrogenation to further remove the oil impurities contained in the gas.
通过对煤气精脱硫生产装置的运行数据进行研究，得到以下结论。
Through the research on the operation data of gas fine desulfurization production unit, the following conclusions are obtained.
（1）加氢反应器阻力大是由于原料煤气夹带的焦油、洗油、汽轮机油等物质在高温环境下发生聚合、结焦等现象所致。
(1) The high resistance of hydrogenation reactor is due to the polymerization and coking of tar, wash oil, turbine oil and other substances entrained by feed gas in high temperature environment.
（2）影响精脱硫装置脱硫效率的关键环节是加氢过程，而控制加氢总效率的关键环节是硫醇、噻吩的加氢反应。
(2) The key link affecting the desulfurization efficiency of the fine desulfurization unit is the hydrogenation process, and the key link controlling the total hydrogenation efficiency is the hydrogenation reaction of mercaptan and thiophene.
（3）烯烃和H2S的反应影响了硫醇、噻吩的脱除效率。
(3) The reaction between olefins and H2S affects the removal efficiency of mercaptan and thiophene.
（4）H2S的存在抑*了噻吩的加氢反应。
(4) The presence of H2S inhibited the hydrogenation of thiophene.
（5）H2S含量越低，硫醇、噻吩的加氢转化率越高。
(5) The lower the H2S content, the higher the hydrogenation conversion of mercaptan and thiophene.