什么是沼气生物脱硫？

admin

运行过厌氧反应器的工程师都知道，厌氧反应会产生沼气，而沼气中往往含有一定量的硫化氢（H2S）。不同的工业废水，沼气中硫化氢的含量各有不同。如果硫化氢含量过高，就必须在进锅炉燃烧之前脱除沼气中的硫化氢，以避免腐蚀管道和锅炉。今天，我们就介绍一下当前比较先进的沼气生物脱硫技术。

Engineers who have run anaerobic reactors know that anaerobic reaction will produce biogas, which often contains a certain amount of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The content of hydrogen sulfide in biogas varies with different industrial wastewater. If the content of hydrogen sulfide is too high, the hydrogen sulfide in biogas must be removed before combustion in the boiler to avoid corrosion of pipelines and boilers. Today, we will introduce the relatively advanced biogas biological desulfurization technology.
1沼气的来源：沼气通常来源于污水厌氧处理、粪便、秸秆发酵、石油天然气等，净化后的沼气可作为清洁能源，替代天然气、煤炭，用于发电、取暖、生产蒸汽等；分离出的硫化氢气体被转换成固态的生物硫磺，可作为化肥、化工等行业的原料。沼气经过吸收净化可资源利用，即实现了节能减排，也节约了企业的生产成本。
1. Source of biogas: biogas usually comes from anaerobic treatment of sewage, feces, straw fermentation, oil and natural gas, etc. the purified biogas can be used as clean energy to replace natural gas and coal for power generation, heating, steam production, etc; The separated hydrogen sulfide gas is converted into solid biological sulfur, which can be used as raw materials for chemical fertilizer, chemical industry and other industries. After absorption and purification, biogas can be used as resources, which not only realizes energy conservation and emission reduction, but also saves the production cost of enterprises.
沼气脱硫和烟气脱硫的区别：沼气脱硫和烟气脱硫虽然都是脱硫，但确是完全不同的两种工艺。烟气脱硫是从工业废气中脱除二氧化硫SO2和SO3。我们常说的脱硫脱硝，就指的是脱除二氧化硫。而沼气脱硫是指从沼气中脱除硫化氢(H2S)，以减少对后续管道、燃烧锅炉或发电机的腐蚀。
Difference between biogas desulfurization and flue gas desulfurization: Although both biogas desulfurization and flue gas desulfurization are desulfurization, they are completely different processes. Flue gas desulfurization is to remove sulfur dioxide, SO2 and SO3 from industrial waste gas. Desulfurization and denitration, as we often say, refers to the removal of sulfur dioxide. Biogas desulfurization refers to the removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from biogas to reduce the corrosion of subsequent pipelines, combustion boilers or generators.
什么是沼气生物脱硫？沼气生物脱硫（简称沼气脱硫）是利用生物菌种去除沼气中腐蚀性强、毒性强的硫化氢气体的一种工艺方法，这个工艺具有自动化程度高，流程简洁，运行成本低等优点。
What is biogas biological desulfurization? Biogas biological desulfurization (biogas desulfurization for short) is a process method for removing highly corrosive and toxic hydrogen sulfide gas from biogas by using biological bacteria. This process has the advantages of high automation, simple process and low operation cost.

工艺原理；厌氧发酵产生的沼气进入洗涤塔，通过与碱性循环喷淋液发生吸收反应，从而去除沼气中的硫化氢。吸收硫化氢的富液回流至生物反应器内，通过生物转化，将硫化氢转化成固态单质硫磺，并将溶液再生为可用于洗涤沼气的碱性吸收液（亦成为贫液），从而实现了吸收剂的回收和再生循环利用。通过硫沉淀器实现硫磺固体的分离。
Process principle; The biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation enters the scrubber and reacts with the alkaline circulating spray liquid to remove hydrogen sulfide in the biogas. The rich liquid absorbing hydrogen sulfide returns to the bioreactor, converts hydrogen sulfide into solid elemental sulfur through biotransformation, and regenerates the solution into alkaline absorption liquid (also known as lean liquid) that can be used to wash biogas, so as to realize the recovery, regeneration and recycling of absorbent. The separation of sulfur solids is realized through sulfur precipitator.
此工艺将弱碱性条件下硫化氢的物理化学吸收与空气作用下碱性溶液的生物再生相结合。含有硫化氢的沼气进入洗涤塔，在这里被吸收硫化氢的碱溶液洗涤，处理后的沼气硫化氢去除率高达99.5%。经系统处理后，沼气可用于燃气发电机发电，用作锅炉燃料或输入至当地小型供气网络。
This process combines the physical and chemical absorption of hydrogen sulfide under weak alkaline conditions with the biological regeneration of alkaline solution under the action of air. The biogas containing hydrogen sulfide enters the scrubber, where it is washed by the alkali solution absorbing hydrogen sulfide. The hydrogen sulfide removal rate of the treated biogas is as high as 99.5%. After being processed by the system, biogas can be used for gas generator power generation, used as boiler fuel or input to the local small gas supply network.
几乎不含硫化氢的沼气从洗涤塔顶部逸出，含硫化氢的溶液流入生物反应器，在此细菌在限制供氧条件下将其氧化为单质硫和碱。该系统的少量排出液（含钠盐）和副产品硫磺中都不含硫化物，排放没有问题。
Biogas containing almost no hydrogen sulfide escapes from the top of the scrubber, and the solution containing hydrogen sulfide flows into the bioreactor, where the bacteria oxidize it into elemental sulfur and alkali under the condition of limited oxygen supply. A small amount of discharged liquid (including sodium salt) and by-product sulfur of the system do not contain sulfide, so there is no problem in discharge.
生物脱硫的技术优势：
Technical advantages of biological desulfurization:
全自动无人值守，高度稳定可靠。
Fully automatic unattended, highly stable and reliable.
深度的硫化氢去除（出口硫化氢含量50-100ppm）
Deep hydrogen sulfide removal (outlet hydrogen sulfide content 50-100ppm)
可耐受气体流量和硫负荷较宽范围的波动
It can withstand a wide range of fluctuations in gas flow and sulfur load
沼气不会被空气稀释：沼气和空气之间有严格的物理分离
Biogas will not be diluted by air: there is a strict physical separation between biogas and air
只需少量的碱、水和营养物
Only a small amount of alkali, water and nutrients are needed
没有堵塞和污垢的风险，因此维护工作量少
Therefore, there is no risk of dirt and blockage
常温常压运行
Normal temperature and pressure operation
产生单质硫：可作为肥料和杀虫剂
Produce elemental sulfur: it can be used as fertilizer and pesticide