湿法脱硫吸收塔水平衡失衡的原因

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湿法脱硫吸收塔水平衡失衡的原因

Causes of water balance imbalance in wet desulfurization absorber
1、测点选择偏差
1. Measurement point selection deviation
运行人员对测点的选择。主控人员对液位测点的选择直接导致液位与实际有偏差（吸收塔上，下各有2个测点，高度差2米，通过压强可以计算出液位），通过液位选点能调出9种吸收塔密度与液位，尤其是吸收塔测点偏差比较大的时候，调点导致液位显示差距非常大，失去了液位参考价值。
Selection of measuring points by operators. The selection of liquid level measuring points by the main control personnel directly leads to the deviation between the liquid level and the actual situation (there are two measuring points at the top and bottom of the absorption tower, with a height difference of 2m, and the liquid level can be calculated through the pressure). Through the liquid level selection, 9 kinds of density and liquid level of the absorption tower can be called out. Especially when the deviation of measuring points of the absorption tower is relatively large, the point adjustment leads to a very large liquid level display gap and loses the reference value of liquid level.
2、人为因素
2. Human factors
吸收塔启停石膏排浆泵受脱硫公用区调控，脱石膏取决于脱硫现场对石膏品质的判断，从石膏的含水率，滤饼厚度，皮带脱水机的频率，吸收塔密度等综合考虑。由于脱硫人员对石膏含水率无标准，常会发生现场判断石膏含水率不高，而吸收塔实际密度低于考核值的问题。
The startup and shutdown of the gypsum slurry pump of the absorption tower is regulated by the desulfurization public area. The gypsum removal depends on the judgment of the gypsum quality on the desulfurization site, and is comprehensively considered from the moisture content of gypsum, the thickness of filter cake, the frequency of belt dehydrator, the density of the absorption tower, etc. Since desulfurization personnel have no standard for gypsum moisture content, it often occurs that the moisture content of gypsum is not high on site and the actual density of absorption tower is lower than the assessment value.
3、虚假液位影响
3. False liquid level influence
在机组启停投油枪或等离子时，易发生燃烧不完全现象，未燃尽的物质进入吸收塔，造成重金属离子或有*物增加，在吸收塔液位表面，发生皂化反应，形成油膜，产生虚假液位。氧化风量设计不合理，多增加的风量以气泡形式流至浆液表面，这会造成液位折算与实际有差异。
Incomplete combustion is easy to occur when the unit is started and stopped, and the unburned substances enter the absorption tower, resulting in the increase of heavy metal ions or * substances. Saponification reaction occurs on the liquid level surface of the absorption tower, forming oil film and false liquid level. The design of oxidation air volume is unreasonable, and the increased air volume flows to the slurry surface in the form of bubbles, which will cause the difference between the liquid level conversion and the actual situation.

4、受浆液循环泵启停影响
4. Affected by the start and stop of slurry circulating pump
浆液循环泵属于逐级提升泵组，泵组出力各不相同。由于采购煤种经常变化，入口硫份变化快，浆液循环泵的启停执行次数较多，对吸收塔水位显示产生不小的影响。
The slurry circulating pump belongs to the step-by-step lifting pump group, and the output of the pump group is different. Due to the frequent change of purchased coal, the rapid change of inlet sulfur, and the number of startup and shutdown of slurry circulating pump, it has a great impact on the water level display of absorption tower.
（1）吸收塔进水影响
(1) Influent influence of absorber
1）除雾器冲洗是吸收塔主要的进水量，为保证除雾器效果，避免除雾器差压变大结垢，甚至坍塌，一般控制8小时冲洗两次，这个属于可控范围。
1) Mist eliminator flushing is the main water inflow of the absorption tower. In order to ensure the effect of the mist eliminator and avoid the increase of the differential pressure of the mist eliminator, scaling and even collapse, it is generally controlled to flush twice in 8 hours, which belongs to the controllable range.
2）氧化风机出口减温水，氧化风机出口减温水是保持开位，运行时不做调整，这部分减温水是可控的。
2) The desuperheating water at the outlet of the oxidation fan and the desuperheating water at the outlet of the oxidation fan are kept open and are not adjusted during operation. This part of desuperheating water is controllable.
3）吸收塔供浆。通过加大供浆来维持出口的排放值，导致供浆量偏大，增加了吸收塔的液位。
3) Slurry supply of absorption tower. By increasing the slurry supply to maintain the discharge value at the outlet, the slurry supply is too large and the liquid level of the absorption tower is increased.
4）工艺水和冷却水箱每天两次的对吸收塔的事故喷淋，因时间较短，流量可以忽略不计。
4) The process water and cooling water tank spray the absorber twice a day. Due to the short time, the flow can be ignored.
（2）吸收塔出水影响
(2) Influence of absorber effluent
1）吸收塔的蒸发量。吸收塔入口的烟气温度对吸收塔内液位有很大的影响，烟温越高，吸收塔浆液的蒸发量也就越大。这个与排烟温度，煤种，低温省煤器的投用有很大的关系。
1) Evaporation capacity of absorption tower. The flue gas temperature at the inlet of the absorption tower has a great impact on the liquid level in the absorption tower. The higher the flue gas temperature, the greater the evaporation of the slurry in the absorption tower. This is closely related to the smoke exhaust temperature, coal type and the operation of low-temperature economizer.
2）吸收塔脱石膏。吸收塔脱石膏之后产生的回收水再次返回塔内，返回的水量较脱石膏带出去的略低，可控。
2) Gypsum removal from absorption tower. The recovered water produced after gypsum removal from the absorption tower returns to the tower again, and the returned water is slightly lower than that brought out by gypsum removal, which is controllable.